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Triangulation
A triangulation is the division of a set of points into a set of
triangles, usually with the restriction that each triangle side is
entirely shared by two adjacent triangles.
A Delaunay Triangulation of a set of points is a triangulation with the
property that every edge is contained in a circle that contains no other
points of the set. This implies that the circumcircle, or outcircle, of
each triangle contains no other points from the set. The Delaunay
Triangulation guarantees that the smallest angle will be maximal which
gives well shaped triangles.
Interesting Fact
One would hope that the Delaunay Triangulation would be the result of
repeatedly joining the two closest points unless doing so would cross an
edge you already have, but sadly that turns out not to be the case. For
example, take a kite with its head angle close to 180 degrees and its tail
angle quite small. The two closest points are the side points, but the
DelaunayTriangulation joins the head to the tail.